What is the macula?
The macula is a small area near the center of your retina, which lines the back wall inside your eye. Your retina contains millions of nerve cells that react to light. These nerve cells are particularly concentrated in the macula.
The very center of the macula is called the fovea, which contains the highest concentration of light-sensitive cells. The macula is essential for sharp vision and seeing fine details, like text in a book. This area is responsible for central vision, or the ability to see what’s directly in front of you.
What is a macular hole?
Sometimes called a macular cyst, a macular hole is a tiny tear or opening in the macula. A macular hole affects your central vision and may cause objects to appear blurry and distorted.
The size and stage of a macular hole determine its effect on your vision. Earlier stages affect the vision less. A stage 3 macular hole involves near-complete loss of central vision and fine details. All stages are readily repairable.
What causes a macular hole?
Increasing age is the most common cause of a macular hole, but eye injuries may also lead to this condition. Your eye is filled with a gel-like substance called vitreous. As you age, the vitreous begins to shrink and pull away from the retina. This may cause it to tear and create a hole.
What are symptoms of a macular hole?
Most macular holes develop gradually and worsen over time. In the early stages, you may notice vision changes such as:
- Blurry or distorted central vision
- Straight lines appearing wavy
- Difficulty reading or driving
Early diagnosis and treatment at the Retinal Ambulatory Surgery Center of New York greatly increase your chances of repairing the hole and restoring your normal vision.
How are macular holes treated?
Dr. Cohen and the surgeons at Retinal Ambulatory Surgery Center of New York use a procedure called vitrectomy to treat macular holes. Vitrectomy involves removing the vitreous gel and membranes that were pulling on your retina. They replace the vitreous with a gas bubble, which applies pressure to the hole and facilitates healing.
After vitrectomy, you must lie in a face-down position for varying lengths of time for 1-2 days to ensure your eye heals properly.
If you experience changes to your central vision, call the Retinal Ambulatory Surgery Center of New York today at 212-772-6830.
